Azoospermia is a condition characterized by the absence of sperm in the semen. It is a significant factor contributing to male infertility, affecting approximately 1% of the male population. Azoospermia can be classified into two types: obstructive azoospermia, where sperm production is normal but blocked from reaching the semen due to obstruction in the reproductive tract, and non-obstructive azoospermia, where sperm production is impaired within the testes. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, hormone testing, and semen analysis.

Treatment options for azoospermia depend on its underlying cause and may include surgical correction of obstructions, hormone therapy, or assisted reproductive techniques such as sperm retrieval followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). It's essential for individuals diagnosed with azoospermia to consult with a fertility specialist to explore the most appropriate treatment options tailored to their specific circumstances.